diff --git a/src/components/Form/Form.test.tsx b/src/components/Form/Form.test.tsx
index be37550..52fc5c7 100644
--- a/src/components/Form/Form.test.tsx
+++ b/src/components/Form/Form.test.tsx
@@ -399,4 +399,119 @@ describe('Form', () => {
       expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ symptoms: new Set(['none']) });
     });
   });
+
+  describe('record array', () => {
+    const renderForm = (itemSchema: z.ZodType<{ name?: string }>) => {
+      render(
+        <Form
+          content={{
+            items: {
+              fieldset: { name: { kind: 'string', label: 'Name', variant: 'input' } },
+              kind: 'record-array',
+              label: 'Item'
+            }
+          }}
+          data-testid={testid}
+          validationSchema={z.object({ items: z.array(itemSchema).optional() })}
+          onError={onError}
+          onSubmit={onSubmit}
+        />
+      );
+      return screen.getByLabelText<HTMLInputElement>('Name');
+    };
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+      vi.clearAllMocks();
+    });
+
+    it('should submit an optional record array that was not filled in, although its fields are required', async () => {
+      renderForm(z.object({ name: z.string().min(1) }));
+      fireEvent.submit(screen.getByTestId(testid));
+      await waitFor(() => expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledOnce());
+      expect(onSubmit.mock.lastCall?.[0]).toStrictEqual({});
+      expect(onError).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should not submit a record with all values empty in place of an omitted record array', async () => {
+      renderForm(z.object({ name: z.string().optional() }));
+      fireEvent.submit(screen.getByTestId(testid));
+      await waitFor(() => expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledOnce());
+      expect(onSubmit.mock.lastCall?.[0]).toStrictEqual({});
+    });
+
+    it('should omit a record array where the only value was entered and then cleared', async () => {
+      const name = renderForm(z.object({ name: z.string().min(1) }));
+      await userEvent.type(name, 'a');
+      await userEvent.clear(name);
+      fireEvent.submit(screen.getByTestId(testid));
+      await waitFor(() => expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledOnce());
+      expect(onSubmit.mock.lastCall?.[0]).toStrictEqual({});
+    });
+
+    it('should show the errors on the fields of the first record when the record array is required', async () => {
+      render(
+        <Form
+          content={{
+            items: {
+              fieldset: { name: { kind: 'string', label: 'Name', variant: 'input' } },
+              kind: 'record-array',
+              label: 'Item'
+            }
+          }}
+          data-testid={testid}
+          validationSchema={z.object({ items: z.array(z.object({ name: z.string('Required') })) })}
+          onError={onError}
+          onSubmit={onSubmit}
+        />
+      );
+      fireEvent.submit(screen.getByTestId(testid));
+      await waitFor(() => expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalledOnce());
+      expect(onError.mock.lastCall?.[0].issues[0].path).toStrictEqual(['items', 0, 'name']);
+      expect(screen.getAllByTestId('error-message-text').map((e) => e.innerHTML)).toMatchObject(['Required']);
+      expect(onSubmit).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('should not show errors on an empty optional record array when a different field is invalid', async () => {
+      render(
+        <Form
+          content={{
+            items: {
+              fieldset: { name: { kind: 'string', label: 'Name', variant: 'input' } },
+              kind: 'record-array',
+              label: 'Item'
+            },
+            title: { kind: 'string', label: 'Title', variant: 'input' }
+          }}
+          data-testid={testid}
+          validationSchema={z.object({
+            items: z.array(z.object({ name: z.string('Name required') })).optional(),
+            title: z.string('Title required')
+          })}
+          onError={onError}
+          onSubmit={onSubmit}
+        />
+      );
+      fireEvent.submit(screen.getByTestId(testid));
+      await waitFor(() => expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalledOnce());
+      expect(screen.getAllByTestId('error-message-text').map((e) => e.innerHTML)).toMatchObject(['Title required']);
+    });
+
+    it('should submit the records when a value is set', async () => {
+      const name = renderForm(z.object({ name: z.string().min(1) }));
+      await userEvent.type(name, 'Jane');
+      fireEvent.submit(screen.getByTestId(testid));
+      await waitFor(() => expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledOnce());
+      expect(onSubmit.mock.lastCall?.[0]).toStrictEqual({ items: [{ name: 'Jane' }] });
+    });
+
+    it('should continue to validate an empty record when another record has a value', async () => {
+      const name = renderForm(z.object({ name: z.string().min(1) }));
+      await userEvent.type(name, 'Jane');
+      await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Append' }));
+      fireEvent.submit(screen.getByTestId(testid));
+      await waitFor(() => expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalledOnce());
+      expect(onError.mock.lastCall?.[0].issues[0].path).toStrictEqual(['items', 1, 'name']);
+      expect(onSubmit).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+  });
 });
diff --git a/src/components/Form/Form.tsx b/src/components/Form/Form.tsx
index ae2472d..268ec2a 100644
--- a/src/components/Form/Form.tsx
+++ b/src/components/Form/Form.tsx
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import { Heading } from '../Heading/Heading.tsx';
 import { Separator } from '../Separator/Separator.tsx';
 import { ErrorMessage } from './ErrorMessage.tsx';
 import { FieldsComponent } from './FieldsComponent.tsx';
-import { getInitialValues } from './utils.ts';
+import { getInitialValues, getValuesToValidate } from './utils.ts';
 
 import type { FormErrors } from './types.ts';
 
@@ -122,6 +122,23 @@ const Form = <TSchema extends ZodTypeLike<FormDataType>, TData extends TSchema['
     subscribe.onChange(values, setValues);
   }, [subscribe?.selector(values)]);
 
+  /**
+   * Validate the values without the record arrays that the user did not fill in. If the schema reports
+   * an issue for an omitted record array (i.e., it is required), validate all values instead, so that
+   * the errors refer to the fields of its records and are displayed to the user.
+   */
+  const validate = async () => {
+    const valuesToValidate = getValuesToValidate(values);
+    const result = await validationSchema.safeParseAsync(valuesToValidate);
+    if (result.success) {
+      return result;
+    }
+    const isOmittedFieldRequired = result.error.issues.some(({ path: [fieldName] }) => {
+      return typeof fieldName === 'string' && fieldName in values && !(fieldName in valuesToValidate);
+    });
+    return isOmittedFieldRequired ? validationSchema.safeParseAsync(values) : result;
+  };
+
   const reset = () => {
     setRootErrors([]);
     setErrors({});
@@ -132,7 +149,7 @@ const Form = <TSchema extends ZodTypeLike<FormDataType>, TData extends TSchema['
 
   const handleSubmit = async (event: FormEvent<HTMLFormElement>) => {
     event.preventDefault();
-    const result = await validationSchema.safeParseAsync(values);
+    const result = await validate();
     if (!result.success) {
       console.error(result.error.issues);
       handleError(result.error);
@@ -171,8 +188,7 @@ const Form = <TSchema extends ZodTypeLike<FormDataType>, TData extends TSchema['
   const revalidate = () => {
     const hasErrors = Object.keys(errors).length > 0 || rootErrors.length;
     if (hasErrors) {
-      validationSchema
-        .safeParseAsync(values)
+      validate()
         .then((result) => {
           if (!result.success) {
             handleError(result.error);
diff --git a/src/components/Form/utils.ts b/src/components/Form/utils.ts
index c1a80f0..0d0928a 100644
--- a/src/components/Form/utils.ts
+++ b/src/components/Form/utils.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ import type {
   UnknownFormField
 } from '@douglasneuroinformatics/libui-form-types';
 
+function isEmptyScalarValue(value: unknown) {
+  return value === undefined || value === null || value === '' || (value instanceof Set && value.size === 0);
+}
+
 export function getInitialValues<T extends FormDataType>(values: PartialNullableFormDataType<T>) {
   const initialValues: { [key: string]: unknown } = {};
   for (const key in values) {
@@ -23,6 +27,28 @@ export function getInitialValues<T extends FormDataType>(values: PartialNullable
   return initialValues as PartialFormDataType<T>;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Returns the values to validate. A record array where every value of every record is empty (i.e.,
+ * `undefined`, an empty string, or an empty set) is omitted, so the user can submit a record array
+ * that they did not fill in if the validation schema marks it as optional. A record array where
+ * at least one value is set is not changed, so the indices in validation errors continue to match the
+ * records displayed to the user.
+ */
+export function getValuesToValidate<T extends FormDataType>(values: PartialFormDataType<T>): PartialFormDataType<T> {
+  const result: { [key: string]: unknown } = {};
+  for (const key in values) {
+    const value: unknown = values[key];
+    if (
+      Array.isArray(value) &&
+      value.every((record: { [key: string]: unknown }) => Object.values(record).every(isEmptyScalarValue))
+    ) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    result[key] = value;
+  }
+  return result as PartialFormDataType<T>;
+}
+
 /** Extract a flat array of form fields from the content. This function assumes there are no duplicate keys in groups  */
 export function getFormFields<T extends FormDataType>(content: FormContent<T>): FormFields<T> {
   if (!Array.isArray(content)) {