diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 6182531869..118077e1e5 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 * [ENHANCEMENT] Tenant Federation: Add a local cache to regex resolver. #7363
 * [ENHANCEMENT] Query Scheduler: Add `cortex_query_scheduler_tracked_requests` metric to track the current number of requests held by the scheduler. #7355
 * [BUGFIX] Fix nil when ingester_query_max_attempts > 1. #7369
+* [BUGFIX] Querier: Fix queryWithRetry and labelsWithRetry returning (nil, nil) on cancelled context by propagating ctx.Err(). #7370
 
 ## 1.21.0 in progress
 
diff --git a/pkg/querier/distributor_queryable.go b/pkg/querier/distributor_queryable.go
index 6ab0b592bf..8d82cd7887 100644
--- a/pkg/querier/distributor_queryable.go
+++ b/pkg/querier/distributor_queryable.go
@@ -166,16 +166,6 @@ func (q *distributorQuerier) streamingSelect(ctx context.Context, sortSeries, pa
 		return storage.ErrSeriesSet(err)
 	}
 
-	// Guard against nil results. This can happen when queryWithRetry's
-	// backoff loop exits without executing (e.g., context cancelled before
-	// the first attempt), returning (nil, nil). See #7364.
-	if results == nil {
-		if err != nil {
-			return storage.ErrSeriesSet(err)
-		}
-		return storage.EmptySeriesSet()
-	}
-
 	serieses := make([]storage.Series, 0, len(results.Chunkseries))
 	for _, result := range results.Chunkseries {
 		// Sometimes the ingester can send series that have no data.
@@ -236,6 +226,13 @@ func (q *distributorQuerier) queryWithRetry(ctx context.Context, queryFunc func(
 		retries.Wait()
 	}
 
+	// If the loop never executed (e.g. context cancelled before the first
+	// attempt), result and err are both nil. Return the context error so
+	// callers don't receive a nil result with no error.
+	if err == nil {
+		err = ctx.Err()
+	}
+
 	return result, err
 }
 
@@ -299,7 +296,7 @@ func (q *distributorQuerier) LabelNames(ctx context.Context, hints *storage.Labe
 }
 
 func (q *distributorQuerier) labelsWithRetry(ctx context.Context, labelsFunc func() ([]string, error)) ([]string, error) {
-	if q.ingesterQueryMaxAttempts == 1 {
+	if q.ingesterQueryMaxAttempts <= 1 {
 		return labelsFunc()
 	}
 
@@ -322,6 +319,13 @@ func (q *distributorQuerier) labelsWithRetry(ctx context.Context, labelsFunc fun
 		retries.Wait()
 	}
 
+	// If the loop never executed (e.g. context cancelled before the first
+	// attempt), result and err are both nil. Return the context error so
+	// callers don't receive a nil result with no error.
+	if err == nil {
+		err = ctx.Err()
+	}
+
 	return result, err
 }
 
diff --git a/pkg/querier/distributor_queryable_test.go b/pkg/querier/distributor_queryable_test.go
index cbec09d8bc..7ec3f583a1 100644
--- a/pkg/querier/distributor_queryable_test.go
+++ b/pkg/querier/distributor_queryable_test.go
@@ -418,9 +418,8 @@ func TestDistributorQuerier_Select_CancelledContext_NoRetry(t *testing.T) {
 //
 // When ingesterQueryMaxAttempts > 1 and the context is cancelled before the
 // retry loop starts (e.g. query timeout or another querier goroutine failing),
-// backoff.Ongoing() returns false immediately. The result variable stays nil,
-// queryWithRetry returns (nil, nil), and streamingSelect dereferences the nil
-// result at line 169 → panic.
+// backoff.Ongoing() returns false immediately. queryWithRetry now propagates
+// ctx.Err() so callers always see a non-nil error.
 func TestDistributorQuerier_Select_CancelledContext(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -440,14 +439,37 @@ func TestDistributorQuerier_Select_CancelledContext(t *testing.T) {
 	querier, err := queryable.Querier(mint, maxt)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	// This should NOT panic. Before the fix, the cancelled context causes
-	// queryWithRetry to return (nil, nil), and streamingSelect dereferences
-	// the nil result: panic: runtime error: invalid memory address or nil
-	// pointer dereference [signal SIGSEGV ... addr=0x8]
-	require.NotPanics(t, func() {
-		seriesSet := querier.Select(ctx, true, &storage.SelectHints{Start: mint, End: maxt})
-		// With a cancelled context, we expect either an error or an empty result.
-		_ = seriesSet.Err()
+	seriesSet := querier.Select(ctx, true, &storage.SelectHints{Start: mint, End: maxt})
+	require.ErrorIs(t, seriesSet.Err(), context.Canceled)
+}
+
+// TestDistributorQuerier_Labels_CancelledContext verifies that labelsWithRetry
+// propagates ctx.Err() when the context is cancelled before the retry loop
+// executes.
+func TestDistributorQuerier_Labels_CancelledContext(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	ctx := user.InjectOrgID(context.Background(), "0")
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	cancel()
+
+	d := &MockDistributor{}
+
+	ingesterQueryMaxAttempts := 2
+	queryable := newDistributorQueryable(d, true, true, batch.NewChunkMergeIterator, 0, func(string) bool {
+		return true
+	}, ingesterQueryMaxAttempts)
+	querier, err := queryable.Querier(mint, maxt)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	t.Run("LabelNames", func(t *testing.T) {
+		_, _, err := querier.LabelNames(ctx, nil)
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, context.Canceled)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("LabelValues", func(t *testing.T) {
+		_, _, err := querier.LabelValues(ctx, "foo", nil)
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, context.Canceled)
 	})
 }