diff --git a/core/model/extensions.go b/core/model/extensions.go
index bda41c566..337beb5bb 100644
--- a/core/model/extensions.go
+++ b/core/model/extensions.go
@@ -142,9 +142,10 @@ type InferenceExtension struct {
 	ServedModel string `json:"servedModel,omitempty"`
 
 	// ToolResults are the tool_result blocks of an Anthropic request and the
-	// function_call_output items of a Responses API request — what each earlier tool
-	// call returned, as the client sent it back. Message Content keeps only text blocks,
-	// so without this a tool result left nothing behind but its size in ContentBytes.
+	// function_call_output and custom_tool_call_output items of a Responses API request —
+	// what each earlier tool call returned, as the client sent it back. Message Content
+	// keeps only text blocks, so without this a tool result left nothing behind but its
+	// size in ContentBytes.
 	//
 	// KEPT OUT OF MESSAGES ON PURPOSE. Plugins read Messages — IBAC as the user's intent,
 	// OPA/SPARC/CPEX as policy input, lineage as an exported span — and tool output reaches
diff --git a/core/parse/inference/responses.go b/core/parse/inference/responses.go
index b8802c9e1..516dfcba3 100644
--- a/core/parse/inference/responses.go
+++ b/core/parse/inference/responses.go
@@ -59,8 +59,11 @@ type responsesRequest struct {
 //     Messages, for the same reason the Anthropic one does: tool output
 //     must not reach the plugins that read Messages. The output value is
 //     read with flattenResponsesContent, which accepts the string form this
-//     API documents (and Codex sends) and a text-part array should one
-//     arrive.
+//     API documents and a text-part array should one arrive.
+//   - "custom_tool_call_output": the same thing for a custom (freeform)
+//     tool, with the same call_id and output fields. Codex declares its
+//     tools this way (one "exec" tool taking a script), so every tool result
+//     it sends arrives as this type, with the output as input_text parts.
 //
 // Every other item type (reasoning echoes, function_call round-trips) is
 // skipped — this parser surfaces conversation text, the tool manifest, and
@@ -106,7 +109,7 @@ func (it *responsesInputItem) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 			})
 		}
 	}
-	if raw.Type == "function_call_output" {
+	if raw.Type == "function_call_output" || raw.Type == "custom_tool_call_output" {
 		it.ToolResults = append(it.ToolResults, model.InferenceToolResult{
 			ToolUseID: raw.CallID,
 			Content:   flattenResponsesContent(raw.Output),
diff --git a/core/plugins/inferenceparser/responses_test.go b/core/plugins/inferenceparser/responses_test.go
index ef05ae7e8..f1edefb59 100644
--- a/core/plugins/inferenceparser/responses_test.go
+++ b/core/plugins/inferenceparser/responses_test.go
@@ -470,6 +470,37 @@ func TestInferenceParser_ResponsesRequest_ToolResults(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Codex declares its tools as custom (freeform) tools, so its tool results arrive as
+// custom_tool_call_output items, with the output as a list of input_text parts. They
+// are read the same way as function_call_output. The body is trimmed from a captured
+// Codex 0.167 request.
+func TestInferenceParser_ResponsesRequest_CustomToolResults(t *testing.T) {
+	p := NewInferenceParser()
+	pctx := &pipeline.Context{
+		Path: "/backend-api/codex/responses",
+		Body: []byte(`{"model":"gpt-5","input":[
+			{"type":"message","role":"user","content":[{"type":"input_text","text":"print a.txt"}]},
+			{"type":"custom_tool_call","call_id":"call_x","name":"exec","input":"const r = await tools.exec_command({cmd:\"cat a.txt\"});\ntext(r.output);\n"},
+			{"type":"custom_tool_call_output","call_id":"call_x","output":[
+				{"type":"input_text","text":"Script completed\nOutput:\n"},
+				{"type":"input_text","text":"hello\n"}]}
+		]}`),
+	}
+	p.OnRequest(context.Background(), pctx)
+
+	ext := pctx.Extensions.Inference
+	if ext == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Extensions.Inference is nil")
+	}
+	want := pipeline.InferenceToolResult{ToolUseID: "call_x", Content: "Script completed\nOutput:\n\nhello\n"}
+	if len(ext.ToolResults) != 1 || ext.ToolResults[0] != want {
+		t.Fatalf("ToolResults = %+v, want [%+v]", ext.ToolResults, want)
+	}
+	if len(ext.Messages) != 1 || ext.Messages[0].Content != "print a.txt" {
+		t.Errorf("Messages = %+v, want the user message only", ext.Messages)
+	}
+}
+
 // runResponsesFrames feeds frames through OnResponseFrame as a live listener would and
 // returns the extension once the stream has ended.
 func runResponsesFrames(t *testing.T, frames ...string) (*pipeline.Context, *pipeline.InferenceExtension) {
diff --git a/praxis/filters/src/parse/inference/responses.rs b/praxis/filters/src/parse/inference/responses.rs
index a28842f39..2aff94935 100644
--- a/praxis/filters/src/parse/inference/responses.rs
+++ b/praxis/filters/src/parse/inference/responses.rs
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ fn responses_input_item_unmarshal_json(data: &RawValue, body: &LossyBody) -> R<R
             parameters: schema_object(t.parameters),
         });
     }
-    if typ == "function_call_output" {
+    if typ == "function_call_output" || typ == "custom_tool_call_output" {
         it.tool_results.push(InferenceToolResult {
             tool_use_id: call_id,
             content: flatten_responses_content(output),
@@ -666,6 +666,13 @@ mod tests {
             ),
             json!({"model":"m","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"q","contentBytes":57}],"toolResults":[{"toolUseId":"c","content":"a\nb"}],"isAction":true})
         );
+        // Codex's custom tools send their results as custom_tool_call_output.
+        assert_eq!(
+            req(
+                r#"{"model":"m","input":[{"type":"custom_tool_call","call_id":"x","name":"exec","input":"ls"},{"type":"custom_tool_call_output","call_id":"x","output":[{"type":"input_text","text":"a\n"},{"type":"input_text","text":"b"}]}]}"#
+            ),
+            json!({"model":"m","toolResults":[{"toolUseId":"x","content":"a\n\nb"}],"isAction":true})
+        );
         assert_eq!(
             req(
                 r#"{"model":"m","input":[{"type":"message","tools":[{"tools":[{"name":"t","parameters":null},{"name":""}]}]}]}"#